I saw this on infinity for Reddit earlier, I don’t know if there’s a workaround for this or not.

  • forgotmylastusername@lemmy.ml
    link
    fedilink
    arrow-up
    103
    arrow-down
    3
    ·
    7 months ago

    They talk as if they’re protecting our privacy when it’s really a global surveillance net. The spin doctoring is insane.

    • Syn_Attck@lemmy.today
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      52
      ·
      edit-2
      7 months ago

      Friendly reminder that Bluetooth has a larger network stack than Wi-Fi. Much more code, much larger available attack base. There have been many numerous Bluetooth vulnerabilities that allow remote code execution or theft of files.

      This is truly becoming a surveillance state, in no way that can be debated. That want to be able to access everyone’s innermost thoughts (texts, notes, recordings, calendars, contacts, photos, you get it) without any chance of someone being able to protect against it.

      Reminder that Google was the 2nd or 3rd company to commit to NSA’s PRISM program of feeding American’s data for future analysis.

      • shneancy@lemmy.world
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        3
        ·
        7 months ago

        maybe humanity shouldn’t have written so many dystopian cyberpunk books and pieces of media, gave us all the wrong ideas :|

        • melpomenesclevage@lemm.ee
          link
          fedilink
          arrow-up
          7
          arrow-down
          1
          ·
          7 months ago

          Maybe we shouldn’t have handed our fucking lives over to corporations

          Maybe they’re not ours til every single corpo is dead, and you should fight like the fucking dead to make this happen?

          I dunno.

      • refalo@programming.dev
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        3
        ·
        7 months ago

        I really don’t disagree with you, but it’s so frustrating and tiring to try to work around all this stuff and use alternative tools that nobody else does, all while you’re viewed as a paranoid tinfoil hat wearer. Yes I know I shouldn’t care what other people think, but I also don’t want to be alone forever.

        • Syn_Attck@lemmy.today
          link
          fedilink
          arrow-up
          0
          arrow-down
          1
          ·
          7 months ago

          Find a good girl that doesn’t mind. Mine doesn’t care at all, she has her interests and I have mine. I’ll sit there and listen to her 5 minute lectures on makeup and perfumes, and every once in a while I’ll tell her about a vulnerability or something cool I found, and I know she’s paying as much attention as I do about makeup, but at least I can understand the basics of makeup without years of experimentation and learning.

          True, it makes it harder to stay secure when people around you don’t care or don’t know how, but its still possible. Just have to set some solid boundaries sometimes.

    • LWD@lemm.ee
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      20
      ·
      7 months ago

      “Privacy Sandbox” is just Google-controlled surveillance carried out with your phone/PC as the primary data provider. We’ve reached maximum perversion of the English language.

      • Scolding0513@sh.itjust.works
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        3
        ·
        7 months ago

        this sort of gaslighting through corruption of vernacular used to amuse me, but now I feel like the withering wojak face anymore

      • HelloHotel@lemm.ee
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        2
        ·
        edit-2
        7 months ago

        are you referring to the new “Privacy Sandbox” or the old “Privacy Sandbox”. because if there calling this new thing a “Privacy Sandbox” after the old one lost public attention after they kept promising it for years, I am going to laugh or maybe cry.

        what they originally called “Privacy Sandbox”

        it was a browser feature to remove the HTTP cookie and replace it with a cohort system. your browser would receve signals about your habbits. that you were buying domino’s pizza and announce to upcoming sites that you like pizza, but ya know… in a “safe” way.

        I still see, “chrome is going to replace the cookie” and “RIP the humble cookie” every once in a while.

        • LWD@lemm.ee
          link
          fedilink
          arrow-up
          4
          ·
          7 months ago

          I’m pretty sure the old Privacy Sandbox was called FLoC, wasn’t it? This is definitely part of Google’s continued efforts to kill the (third-party) cookie in such a way that tracking your user activity will still be possible, but that Google itself will maximally benefit from because they’re the ones controlling how it’ll get implemented.

          And given Google’s near-unilateral control of web browsing standards, who will say no? Their biggest partners? Mozilla?

    • Murdoc@sh.itjust.works
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      20
      arrow-down
      1
      ·
      7 months ago

      Straight up 1984 Newspeak, where the Ministry of Truth is really concerned with lies, the Ministry of Peace is concerned with war, the Ministry of Love is concerned with torture, and the Ministry of Plenty is concerned with starvation.

      • trippingonthewire@lemmy.mlOP
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        5
        ·
        7 months ago

        It’s honestly Doublethink.

        Whenever Google gets exposed for bad practices, people ignore it. And they believe this stuff is good or don’t care.

  • shortwavesurfer@monero.town
    link
    fedilink
    English
    arrow-up
    73
    arrow-down
    2
    ·
    7 months ago

    According to the posted link, the network can be turned off entirely if you wish, and you could just not use Google Play Services on your device, and that should also stop this.

      • shortwavesurfer@monero.town
        link
        fedilink
        English
        arrow-up
        11
        ·
        7 months ago

        It appears to require a Google account to do the tracking. So yeah, without Google services, you should be perfectly safe. Since you have no Google account registered on device and no services that run rogue in the background,

          • shortwavesurfer@monero.town
            link
            fedilink
            English
            arrow-up
            14
            ·
            7 months ago

            The article did not say specifically how it was getting added to Android 15, because if it’s in AOSP, then yeah, there’s definitely a problem. But if it’s in Google Play Services, which seems likely, then it would not be as big of an issue.

          • BorgDrone@lemmy.one
            link
            fedilink
            arrow-up
            3
            arrow-down
            1
            ·
            7 months ago

            If it works anything like Apple’s Find My (which it appears to do) then no you won’t be trackable.

      • TheAnonymouseJoker@lemmy.ml
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        4
        arrow-down
        13
        ·
        7 months ago

        GrapheneOS dev, mods and propagandists recommend and encourage the use of Apple and Google devices and services.

        This one is in particular one of the key members of Graphene church of propaganda. https://i.imgur.com/bUdVCpH.jpg And if “propaganda” looks like a big word, look at this. https://postimg.cc/ZBqQ3pXD

        Moreover, Graphene dev is a religious believer of Google and its vision. He specifically recommends the purchase and use of Google Pixels, and rules out any non-Google brand.

        • HelloHotel@lemm.ee
          link
          fedilink
          arrow-up
          3
          ·
          edit-2
          7 months ago

          I am aware that there are highly opinionated people in the graphineOS team. we had a scandal a while back that shook up the company (and I to the best of my understanding, kicked off/demoted some members, if its didn’t I’m getting another phone) a little while back. for being so important for my life and the lives of many others, the tightrope of maintaining trust that the OS is safe is unacceptably wobbly.

          • TheAnonymouseJoker@lemmy.ml
            link
            fedilink
            arrow-up
            2
            arrow-down
            2
            ·
            edit-2
            7 months ago

            It is hard to show every single instance, but he pushes Chromium over Firefox because Tor Project devs slammed him, and he wants revenge.

            https://lists.torproject.org/pipermail/tor-dev/2019-August/013995.html

            https://i.postimg.cc/1P0cfmjX/Firefox-insecure-refuted.jpg

            Out of the 5 years I have spent investigating these security morons in FOSS/privacy communities, I have looked at Graphene for roughly over 4 years, looking at their chatrooms, GitHub discussions, reddit comments and so on. Big Tech security is one thing these people push a lot for some reason.

            https://old.reddit.com/r/privatelife/comments/ug9qnc/writeup_criticism_of_rprivacyguides_grapheneos/

            https://old.reddit.com/r/privatelife/comments/13teoo9/grapheneos_corporate_foss_loving_witch_hunting/

            If you search and look hard enough, he pushes Chromium, calls Firefox insecure, even though it is debunked time and time again. See “they killed Firefox security” section in first link. madaidan and former GOS community mod cn3m were the main faux agenda pushers.

            Micay also believes a lot in microkernel vision of Google, but Fuchsia has been cancelled recently. He also solely recommends Google Pixels, and refuses GOS support for other models since 6ish years or more, since Copperhead split happened. His minions/mods also love the idea of encouraging to use Google services.

            GOS members even tell people to go fly/travel to get a Pixel from available countries. https://i.imgur.com/Yv9nvxy.jpg

            I have a lot of stuff documented if you go through it.

            Also, for some mysterious reason, Micay has an embargo beta patching partnership with Google, something LineageOS refuses to have. It is very fishy as well.

            • Scolding0513@sh.itjust.works
              link
              fedilink
              arrow-up
              1
              ·
              7 months ago

              interesting.can you explain what you mean by embargo beta patching partnership?

              I’ve been following your comments and posts over lemmy and reddit actually, for a couple years. i dont agree with everything but it’s absolutely important to be researching beyond the popular/mainstream privacy community narrative, which I appreciate.

              • TheAnonymouseJoker@lemmy.ml
                link
                fedilink
                arrow-up
                1
                ·
                7 months ago

                Custom Android build developers, LineageOS team, CalyxOS team and others do not affiliate with Google. This is something exclusive to Graphene, and is very fishy, yet goes unquestioned. Even their compliance with a law/norm exclusive to Japan - mandatory shutter sound - is extremely weird.

                I have no clue why Graphene gets these beta patches so fast, that LineageOS and other project teams avoid. And it has been a very silent topic for years, outside of a couple mentions/hints by Micay.

                • Scolding0513@sh.itjust.works
                  link
                  fedilink
                  arrow-up
                  1
                  ·
                  7 months ago

                  could it simply be all the security research and code review they do? i mean, Graphene does have tons of upstream contributions. Two zero days just the other day for example.

            • Scolding0513@sh.itjust.works
              link
              fedilink
              arrow-up
              1
              ·
              edit-2
              7 months ago

              do you have a higher quality img, or text based version of this Firefox insecure graphic?. hard to read.

              maybe you have this link to Undit

              • TheAnonymouseJoker@lemmy.ml
                link
                fedilink
                arrow-up
                1
                ·
                7 months ago

                Unddit and all those are dead. You will not believe this, but I am having a bad time IRL, with a spinal injury, a blade cut on hand and a dead phone with lost data all within a couple weeks, which also had high quality screenshots. Make the best of these images, they should be readable. Sorry for that. Or maybe open on desktop monitor or in landscape on phone.

    • Kir@feddit.it
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      19
      arrow-down
      1
      ·
      7 months ago

      While I like those options, they are definitely not for everyone. Those problems are collective, protecting the privacy of 1% of the population is as good as protecting nobody.

        • Ilandar@aussie.zone
          link
          fedilink
          arrow-up
          2
          ·
          7 months ago

          I think a growing number of “normal” people do, they are just less willing to make sacrifices for it than the types of people who populate this community, for example.

    • Proteish@awful.systems
      link
      fedilink
      Català
      arrow-up
      23
      ·
      7 months ago

      I also couldn’t find a mention, and it definitely does not make sense (and likely isn’t even possible) to run Bluetooth without Android itself running

      …which uses a crowdsourced device-locating network to help you find your lost or misplaced devices and belongings quickly – even when they’re offline.

      Maybe this line is being misinterpreted?

      • ForgotAboutDre@lemmy.world
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        2
        ·
        7 months ago

        It’s definitely possible. It may be using specific hardware to do the powered off tasks. Or it never be truly off, a small os running to managing these powered off tasks.

        The second is more likely, it’s cheaper and easier. It can also be applied to older devices and requires less integrated design.

    • Fredrik@lemmy.world
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      17
      arrow-down
      2
      ·
      7 months ago

      It’s mentioned in the linked article about Find My Device.

      This is what it says

      1. Locate offline devices

      Locate your compatible Android phone and tablet by ringing them or viewing their location on a map in the app — even when they’re offline. And thanks to specialized Pixel hardware, Pixel 8 and 8 Pro owners will also be able to find their devices if they’re powered off or the battery is dead.

      • Proteish@awful.systems
        link
        fedilink
        Català
        arrow-up
        13
        ·
        7 months ago

        I don’t know that means Bluetooth will be running when the device is off. “Specialized hardware” could mean a full Bluetooth modem on backup power, but more likely it’s means there’s a low power beacon. Would be interesting if anyone does a teardown of the Pixel 8.

        For non-Pixel 8 devices, definitely not. I assume “Offline” refers to the case where your device doesn’t have WiFi/LTE, but can still use Bluetooth to communicate with devices that do.

    • The Doctor@beehaw.org
      link
      fedilink
      English
      arrow-up
      5
      arrow-down
      2
      ·
      7 months ago

      That is why we took our time when designing the new Find My Device, which uses a crowdsourced device-locating network to help you find your lost or misplaced devices and belongings quickly – even when they’re offline.

      • LaggyKar@programming.dev
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        9
        ·
        7 months ago

        That doesn’t say that. Although the article linked from there does, for Pixels.

        And thanks to specialized Pixel hardware, Pixel 8 and 8 Pro owners will also be able to find their devices if they’re powered off or the battery is dead.

        • ErwinLottemann@feddit.de
          link
          fedilink
          arrow-up
          3
          ·
          7 months ago

          even with a dead battery? how? there must be something ‘turned on’ to send bluetooth signals or is this magic?

          • YerbaYerba@lemm.ee
            link
            fedilink
            arrow-up
            8
            ·
            7 months ago

            I suspect it still draws battery power, but extremely small amounts. Few mah left in the battery could power a BLE beacon for weeks. There would be some limit to this as draining the lithium battery too deeply will damage it.

          • lemmyvore@feddit.nl
            link
            fedilink
            English
            arrow-up
            5
            ·
            7 months ago

            Not necessarily, there are lots of completely passive beacon technologies. I seem to remember reading a few years ago about beacons powered by Wifi signals.

            Obviously you also need other phones to be able to pick up those signals so it might take until phones with Android 15 become commonplace which might take a while. But it’s definitely doable.

  • cordlesslamp@lemmy.today
    link
    fedilink
    arrow-up
    36
    arrow-down
    2
    ·
    7 months ago

    Didn’t iPhone been doing it for years so you can still track your lost phone even if it’s turned off?

    But this is Android, I’m sure there’ll be work around if you don’t want it. Personally I think it could be helpful.

    • Xatolos@reddthat.com
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      9
      ·
      7 months ago

      You turn it off. It says so in the link.

      User Controls: Android users always have full control over which of their devices participate in the Find My Device network and how those devices participate. Users can either stick with the default and contribute to aggregated location reporting, opt into contributing non-aggregated locations, or turn the network off altogether.

      • cordlesslamp@lemmy.today
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        3
        arrow-down
        2
        ·
        7 months ago

        Right, Google definitely a man of their words. Like they are definitely not record anything in your Incognito Chrome tabs.

    • onlinepersona@programming.dev
      link
      fedilink
      English
      arrow-up
      10
      arrow-down
      3
      ·
      edit-2
      7 months ago

      Didn’t iPhone been doing it for years

      You’re trying to describe an action that has started in the past and is still taking place. “Didn’t” is simple past which indicates a concluded action. The correct tense you’d want to use here is present perfect progressive --> “Hasn’t iPhone been doing it for years”.

      Edit: Although, I missed the “been” in your sentence, so you just picked the wrong verb. Not too far off 👍

      Anti Commercial-AI license

      • Gooey0210@sh.itjust.works
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        4
        ·
        edit-2
        7 months ago

        I have some more questions, teacher

        If I lived in a country for some years/time, how do I say that?

        Also, if I worked as somebody?

        And in general, difference between have been and had been?

        Thank you

        • onlinepersona@programming.dev
          link
          fedilink
          English
          arrow-up
          9
          ·
          edit-2
          7 months ago

          And in general, difference between have been and had been?

          I’ll answer this because the two previous questions depend on what you want to express. Just a note before-hand, the best site for English grammar I know is ego4u.

          First the quick answer:

          • have been --> present perfect progressive: an action that took place in the past and continued until recently or is still continuing
          • had been --> [past perfect progressive]: an action that started in the past and continued until some point in time in the past

          Longer answer:

          Conceptually, there are a limited number of possible tenses. Here is a picture from ego4u

          Let’s say you want to tell a story. There are the static states you can describe

          • Something is in a certain state right now e.g the person is alive, the table is on the second floor, life is great --> that’s the simple present
          • In the past something happened and the action was completed e.g I stood there, the pool was filled, the plane got loud --> that’s the simple past
          • A thing is in the future or there is an intent to do something in the future e.g we will be there, the train will be on time, they are going to have a party in the hotel --> simple future. Notice the use of will and going to. Those are two ways to express the simple future.

          So, now that we’ve expressed a state, something that is unchanging, we would like to describe changing actions are particular strips in time:

          • Actions that are currently taking place and ongoing e.g the person is living, the table is standing on the second floor, life is going great --> present progressive. Notice the difference from simple present above. The action is ongoing.
          • A thing that’s going on in the past: I was standing there, the pool was being filled, the plane was getting loud --> past progressive. Again, compare with simple past from above
          • Something in the future is changing: we will be standing there, the train will be waiting on time, they are going to be partying in the hotel --> future progressive

          Alright, we have expressed points in time both static and changing, but what about actions that happen just before those points in time? They concluded or may be still happening. We call those “perfect” tenses.

          • the person has lived here for ages, the table has stood on the second floor, life has been great --> present perfect
          • I had stood there, the pool had been filled, the plane had gotten loud --> past perfect aka something that happened before a thing in the past
          • we will have stood there, the train will have waited on time, they will have partied in the hotel --> future perfect = an future past action or action that will be the past in the future

          And finally, if we look at the diagram we see one last group of progressives - perfect progressive. Remember, progressive describe something that’s still ongoing at the point in time. You may ask why they are needed when the “perfect” overlaps with the progressive - something that started before a point in time and continues to happen.
          Well, that difference might be lost with time as they tend to become less and less important. A grammar purist might disagree but in colloquial English, my experience shows less and less people can tell the difference and I do have to look it up:

          The difference between “perfect” and “perfect progressive” is the focus of the tense. “Perfect” makes the result important and “perfect progressive” makes the duration or fluidity / continuity of the action important. I invite you to read this page on Present Perfect Simple vs Present Perfect Progressive. It explains it quite well.


          Hopefully that will help you answer your two first questions.

          Anti Commercial-AI license

          • Gooey0210@sh.itjust.works
            link
            fedilink
            arrow-up
            4
            ·
            edit-2
            7 months ago

            I love you for being so human

            Just a random person on the internet asked you to explain something, and you did, you’re so cool

            Thank you for the explanation, I will really remember and keep it for my whole life

            ❤️‍🩹

            (No sarcasm, really, people these days are so mean and tell you to look everything up yourself, or just get angry because you ask or don’t know. Even though you could just copy and paste, this is a human interaction. Really happy to see somebody’s still alive)

    • EunieIsTheBus@feddit.de
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      7
      arrow-down
      2
      ·
      7 months ago

      I’m sure there’ll be work around if you don’t want it.

      Take the battery out of the phone. No battery no energy to run bluetooth

    • lemmyingly@lemm.ee
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      11
      ·
      7 months ago

      Not a single mention in the article about whether Bluetooth is turned on or off.

      Samsung has an opt in option for the Smart thing network. I guess Google will go the same route.

    • m-p{3}@lemmy.ca
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      9
      ·
      7 months ago

      Depends how it’s implemented, my bluetooth “smartwatch” runs for around 2 years on a single CR2032.

      • ReakDuck@lemmy.ml
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        4
        ·
        7 months ago

        There is also Bluetooth low frequency thingy with less data transfer. I wonder what Google will do and use while being turned off.

  • Scolding0513@sh.itjust.works
    link
    fedilink
    arrow-up
    13
    ·
    edit-2
    7 months ago

    Can someone explain where the code for this will be located (aosp, gsf)? How can I make sure that it will never ever be activated? What Graphene’s response? etc

    • HelloHotel@lemm.ee
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      8
      ·
      edit-2
      7 months ago

      it looks like its going to be a hardware feature. if the main CPU is off, it implies the radio circuitry and its CPU (the BBM) are still powered. give google this at least, the special new Bluetooth API will be accessible to whatever OS is alive and awake to send commands (even if I don’t trust that “off” means “off”). the fact that its using encryption (that’s too complicated to be made out of Integrated Circut logic) means its likely another software feature added to the BBM co-processor (it handles all radio tasks on the phone). this all but confirms the BBM (at least going forward) will still get power, be awake and have access to the (transmit (TX) and reseave (RX) functions of the) radios even when everything else is properly off.

      EDIT: or it could be an abuse of a generic BLE beacon mechanism that’s “just there for whatever the consumer would need it for”. but if they are doing proprietary encryption like they claim, that’s not really possible without updating the BBM’s software to add another feature.

        • HelloHotel@lemm.ee
          link
          fedilink
          arrow-up
          1
          ·
          edit-2
          7 months ago

          Probably about as effective as keeping an air tag or tile tracker in one. That is, if the problem behavior isn’t correctly disabled by or even encouraged the OS.

      • DictatorGator@feddit.de
        link
        fedilink
        English
        arrow-up
        2
        ·
        7 months ago

        We could wait for the implementation from the GrapheneOS team ! I’m pretty sure that they would implement it in a way that would be safe for the user.

        • onlinepersona@programming.dev
          link
          fedilink
          English
          arrow-up
          4
          ·
          7 months ago

          If it’s hardware controlled, then the Graphene OS team would have to find a flaw in the hardware, or trust that when they tell the hardware to shut off, that it really does shut off, or find a way to verify that the hardware is really of. But even if they could tell the hardware to shut off, verify that it’s off, and then shut down, the hardware could turn back on after the software is off and the software would be none the wiser.

          The only way 2 ways anybody can be relatively sure this feature is off are:

          • pulling the battery:
            • good luck with that with phones that don’t have removable batteries
            • hopefully there won’t be a small backup battery to power this specific circuit
          • physically disconnecting this circuit from other circuits:
            • that might mean saying goodbye to bluetooth functionality on the phone

          The alternative is getting a linux phone with hardware that doesn’t have this feature.

          Anti Commercial-AI license

              • HelloHotel@lemm.ee
                link
                fedilink
                arrow-up
                1
                ·
                edit-2
                7 months ago

                I hate that they don’t support them after a while, those with a locked bootloader wont even get a chance. It makes these phones junk from all the CVEs that are being found.

                • What old model would you recommend?
                • Is something like postmarketOS viable yet?
                • What phones are/will be effected?
                • Do existing phones planned for the program have the payload sitting there dormant or will the system updater (on googled android) need to download the payload?
      • Scolding0513@sh.itjust.works
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        2
        ·
        7 months ago

        damn that really sucks… sounds like it may just be an OS/firmware change then that activates the radio controller?

        either way this is is exactly why we need a new community built piece of hardware. we cannot keep being slaves to Google’s whims just to use Graphene. i know there are other OS’s but either way it’s still Big Tech dependence.

    • lemmyvore@feddit.nl
      link
      fedilink
      English
      arrow-up
      3
      ·
      7 months ago

      Thieves simply use tinfoil to block all signals. They have pockets and bags lined with tinfoil, they don’t bother turning anything off.

      Could still work against opportunity theft.

  • TCB13@lemmy.world
    link
    fedilink
    English
    arrow-up
    10
    ·
    7 months ago

    The question is: when a phone is turned off is it really turned off? The amount of software that needs to be running to manage Bluetooth leds to to believe they simply kill all applications (including the UI) and most services and leave the kernel and a few other things running. I might be wrong, but I would like to see some clarification on that.

    • refalo@programming.dev
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      4
      ·
      7 months ago

      Not completely. My understanding is that the baseband radio still always runs even when the application OS is shutdown, and it (often) has its own connections to the GPS, camera and microphone, sometimes even the filesystem (Samsung RFS). The battery not being removable makes this even more problematic IMO.

  • kratoz29@lemm.ee
    link
    fedilink
    English
    arrow-up
    5
    arrow-down
    1
    ·
    7 months ago

    I guess the recommendation of turning off the Bluetooth to save battery, or the sarcastic comment that usually says “bro, just turn off the phone if you care too much about the battery” are gonna be obsolete now aren’t they?

        • TheAnonymouseJoker@lemmy.ml
          link
          fedilink
          arrow-up
          1
          ·
          edit-2
          7 months ago

          Doubt that. Banks officially always have a fully offline paperwork process as well. Every bank. So smartphone involvement is not mandatory, you could have a dumbphone with SMS capability for 2FA.

          We are just used to and blinded by convenience in our sedentary lives.