a lot of what might’ve been archaically formal and polite ways to say ‘you’ have become ironically rude and/or condescending.

You can do something similar in English through sarcastic statements with inappropriately polite forms of address. e.g. saying “Well, excuse me, sire!” to someone with a sassy tone of voice should be interpreted as “I’m offended” or “I can’t believe you just did that, you asshole” or similar depending on context.