Spanish is one of the best languages for having the spelling match the pronunciation, but it’s not perfect. First of all, you can’t spell something just based on hearing it because a /k/ sound can be a ‘c’ or a ‘k’, and a /s/ can be an ‘s’ or a ‘c’. It also has silent letters like ‘h’. Going the other way, seeing the spelling of Mexico, Xalapa, Oaxaca, etc. would lead someone who didn’t know to try to pronounce them with a /ks/ sound, but they’re really pronounced as if they were spelled Mejico, Jalapa and Oajaca. Then, there are loan words like “psicologia” where the “p” is retained from the original language, but not pronounced in Spanish.
First of all, you can’t spell something just based on hearing it because a /k/ sound can be a ‘c’ or a ‘k’, and a /s/ can be an ‘s’ or a ‘c’.
Yes you can. K isn’t often used in spanish except for loan words. C and S aren’t interchangeable in spelling they just sound the same when pronounced in certain phonemes. There are very specific rules about which letter is used in each phoneme. If you know spanish then you’d know this since they are some of the first lessons you learn about spelling.
Spanish is one of the best languages for having the spelling match the pronunciation, but it’s not perfect. First of all, you can’t spell something just based on hearing it because a /k/ sound can be a ‘c’ or a ‘k’, and a /s/ can be an ‘s’ or a ‘c’. It also has silent letters like ‘h’. Going the other way, seeing the spelling of Mexico, Xalapa, Oaxaca, etc. would lead someone who didn’t know to try to pronounce them with a /ks/ sound, but they’re really pronounced as if they were spelled Mejico, Jalapa and Oajaca. Then, there are loan words like “psicologia” where the “p” is retained from the original language, but not pronounced in Spanish.
Yes you can. K isn’t often used in spanish except for loan words. C and S aren’t interchangeable in spelling they just sound the same when pronounced in certain phonemes. There are very specific rules about which letter is used in each phoneme. If you know spanish then you’d know this since they are some of the first lessons you learn about spelling.
Every other example you gave was a loan word.