I don’t know much about electronics, so any advice would help.
I’m also interested in knowing realistically what the upper limits are for this sort of thing.
Why not buy an external wifi adapter with a large antenna? Would be a lot simpler.
I agree with this. And also, if the highest range is your goal, you’ll want a directional (not omni-directional) antenna. Even a cantenna might be good for your use case.
If a Pi Zero-W: https://hackaday.com/2017/03/07/adding-an-external-antenna-to-the-raspberry-pi-zero-w/
All the other models, you can add a USB-based adapter with their own antennas. For really long range, look up Yagi antennas. However, beware there are regulations on antennas.
Yes, but not easily.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=Y648CjIiEv8
You can do it for other boards by cutting traces and soldering the antenna directly. You can buy antennas from Aliexpress.
Unless your a good solderer, itll be very hard.
It’s not very hard if you have some experience with SMD soldering. The other boards do have a footprint for a U.FL connector, but you have to scrape off some solder mask for the ground pads.
Thats a bit like saying “Its easy for an expert” :D If you can do it, thats some mad skills you’ve got.